Compound air-pump.



z SHEETS-SHEET 1,

PATEN'TED' APR. 10, 1906.

H. WIXON.

GOMPOUND AIR PUMP.

APPLI'OATION ULEB JULY1,1904.

lln xlllllulnlllullllllinlw All i PATENTED APR. 1o, 1906.

l H. WIXON..

GOMPOUND AIR PUMP.

4 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

APPLIUATION FILED JULY1,1904.

NITE STATES HOWARD wixon,

I ITIFICE.

AIR-PUMP..

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented April 10, 1906.

Application filed July l, 1904. Serial No= 214,920.

To all whom it may con/cern;

Be it known that I, HOWARD WIxoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Compound Air Pumps, of which the following is declared to be a full, clear, and exact description.

The improvement relates to air-pumps, and particularly to portable hand pumps Vdel signed for the inflation of pneumatic tires of icycles, automobiles, and other vehicles, and seeks to provide a simple and el'licient form of compound pump by which the necessary high pressure may be obtained with little effort. f

A further object of the invention is to prov vide an inexpensive form of compound pump which will obviate the necessity of employing costly valves and complicated packings and piston constructions.

The invention consists in tho features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through one form of the improved pump. Fig. 2 is a correspondingr view of a Inodied construction. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, showing the pump in position for operation.

e improved pump comprises an outer ressure cylinderI 10 and an inner concentrica ly-arranged high-pressure cylinder' 11. These cylinders are relatively movable-#L c., either one may be held stationary While the other is shifted to effect the operation of the pump.

The outer end of the low-pressure cylinder 10 may be freely opened to form an air-inlet or provided with a head 12, held in place alt the outer end of the cylinder 10 by screws and having unobstructed air-inlets 14. The head 15, however, at the outer end of the in-rI ner high-pressure cylinder forms an air-tight joint with the wall of the cylinder l1 to seal its outer end. In the form shown in Fig.I 1 the head 15 is provided with a discharge passage 16, communicating with a nipple 17, threaded into the body of the head 15, and the nipple 17 is arran ed to receive the end ofthe flexible pipe lea ing to the tire or hther receptacle for the compressed Preferably an outwardly-opening check-valve 18| -terial and is arranged in the form of a metal ball, as shown, is held against a conical scat 19 within the discharge-I passage lby a spring 20.

An inturned flanged packing-ring 21 is secured to the inner head 22 of the outer cylinder 10 and is arranged to engage the outer wall of the inner cylinder 11. The packingring 21 is held in place upon the inner face otl the head 22 by a metal ring 23 and screws 24., as shown. The inner head 25 oi the inner cylinder 11 is laterally extended, as shown, and an inturncd flanged or cupped packingring 26, mounted thereon, is arranged to engage the inner face of the outer cylinder 10. Packing-ring 26 is held in place upon the inner face of the cylinder-head 25 by a'metal ring 27 and screws 28.

A piston in the form of a flanged cup-like packing ring or disk 29 is arranged Within the inner high-pressure cylinder 11 and is held in place upon the end of a piston-rod 30 between a disk or washer 31 and a nut 32.

iston-rod 3() extends outwardly through the inner head 25 of cylinder 1.1 and is connected to the head 12 of the outer cylinder 10 by a pin 33. An inturned flanged packing-ring 34, ot leather, rubber, or other suitable material, is mounted upon the head 25 and engages the piston-rod 30. The flanged packing-ring 34 is held in place within a recess in the plug 35.

The head 15 of the inner vided with an extended projection 36, and the piston-rod. 30 has a projecting ortion 37. As stated, the inner and outer cy inders lare relatively shiftable. Either one may be stationary and the other shifted to operate the pump-that is to say, a foot or mount ma be secured to either one of the projections 36 or 37 and an operating-handle secured to the other projection, or the pump could be held in the operators hands and used by moving both cylinders together and apart.

he flanged packing-rings 21 and 26 are formed of rubber, leather, or other suitable yielding material, and either 'one or both of these packing-rings is arranged to yield in one direction to admit air to the space between the cylinders. Similarly the cupped pistonl 29 in the inner cylinder is formed of rubber, leather, or other suitable flexible mato yield in one directionto permit air to pass from the. inner end of the high-pressure cylinder to the outer end thereof. An unobstructed passage 38 afcylinder is pro-k head 25 by an annular screw- IIO.

, held with the outer end of the low-priY ford: connnunieetion lietvfeen thc inner cylinder and. the space between seid cylinders :rnd is preferably arranged, :is shown, in the Well of the inner cylinder adjacent its inner end.

The operation is as follows: As the cylinders are teloseoped or forced togetheri. e., on the instroke vthe inner ends thereof moved apart-one or both of the peckingrings 2l und 2G yield inwerdlv and admit nir to the space between the cylinders, end since this space is in free connininicetion Vwith the inner cylinder ll by tln'ouglnpessnge 3S the air will also fion' into und `i'ill the inner ovlinder. On the opposite or out stroke the inner heeds 25 sind 22 of the inner find outer cylinders, respectively, are moved together and the ilengedportions of rings 2l and 26 expe-nd end hug the wells, respectively, of the cylinders l1 and 1l), so that the eil' in the space between the cylinders end in 'the inner cylinder is initially compressed end forced pest the yielding packing-ring or piston 2.() into the outer end of the high-pressure cylinder il. When the strokeA is again reversedgthe flanged portion of the piston- .29 will expand iind hug the inner Well of the cylirnler ll, end the previously-coinpresed nir .in the outer end of this cylinder is further compressed -(ind forced out of the dischargeoutlet i7. At the seme time one or both of the pecking-rings Zi or '26 Will yield and ndmit sir again to the inner and outer cylinders. I t will be seen, therefore, th nttliepaclring-rings 2l and Z6, in e l'ect, form one-Way yielding pistons for the outer low-pressure cylinder. The pump is adapted to he nrrenged in vertical position With either end uppermost, and Whichever one of the peeliingfrings 2l or '26 is lmverinost is preferably so snugly held in position tl'ntt it will not yield. The r'purpose of this arrangement is to prevent dust :ind dirt upon the ground or floor 'from being drown into the pump.-

As stated, the pump designed to be arranged either' end uppermost, the lower section being held upon a. suitable standard end the upper section connected to u. suitable operating-handle. It will he observed that Whichever end isupperniost the :nr is 'finally compressed in the high-pr uro cylinder :ind the greater part of the work done upon the dmvnstrolre.

The form shown in Fig. l is prefershlj." sure cylinder fz `nd discharge-nipple l? in lonermost position and fixed to .ionery standard. The form shown in 'ig'. 2, while it may be held either end uppermo i, i particularly designed to he arranged i.. .nh the outer low-pressure cylinder 'lined go n standard orfoot and in lowerrnosl'y position while the inner cylinder is connected to l .operatinghendle. The cons'riructioi shown in Fig. 2 is similar to that shown, in Jig. "i, c1;-

cept th nt the :tir is discharged from the inner high-inessure cylinder through the bore 39 1 ofthe hollow piston-rod 30', the bore or psssnge 39 connuunicntirrgr ai its inner end with the ner cylinder ll and et its outer end with e passage 40 in the outer head 12 of the outer cylinderll. in this form the nut 32', which holds the yieldingpecking-ring or piston 29 in place, is provided with e, conical sont 19', and en outwardly-yielding checkvfilvc 1S in the forni of e. motel ball is held in the conical by a. spring 20, which eX- tends bete/'een the hell-valve 18/ end e pin 4l, arranged in the end of the piston-rod 30. The outei` heed l5 of the inner cylinder il in this forni is solid, as shown, and the outer heed l2 of the outer cylinder is provided with en extension 37.

ln Fig. 3 the pump is shown in position for operation with s foot-piece 42, secured to the proie 'ting lug 36, and e handle 43, secured to the extension 37.

The operation is similar to that previously described. Upon the downstroke either one or both of the pecking-rings 2l and Z6 yield end admit eirinto the sp sce between the cylind ers and into the lower end of the inner cyiinder ll through the communionl ting passage Upon the upstrolte the nir in the spe-ce 1oe tween the cylinders end in the inner cylinder i 'l is initiallyr con'ipresscd end forced past the yielding ringy or piston 29 into the upper end of the cylinder il. 0n the next doWnst-roke the nir in the upper end of the cylinder il is i'urtlier compressed, forced past check-valve 1S through the here 39 of the hollow pistonrod 30', and out of the discharge 40. On this downstrolre e second charge of air is signin admitted, as described, to the space between. cylinders and to the lower end ofthe inner cylinder. ln this form whichever end is uppermost the cir is finally compressed end the greater amount of the Work done upon the d ownstrohe, which is, of course, desirehle in n portable hand-pump.

lt will he seen thet a simple and inexpensive forin of pump is provided in which only :t single valve is employed, and this valve at the discharge-outlet may be dispensed with, i1 desired, since the check-valve in the nipple of the tire will perform its functio'rn Chechvelve 1Q, however, cuts down the amount of clemence and is preferablyy employed. The construction ci the piston irnflfpztcking-i'ings is inexpensive., but efiicien't. 'The pump mcy loe eesily opereted'to obtain the 'high pressures necessary with large tires.

.t should he noted that the low and high pressure pistons are one-wey yielding and oppositely acting--thnt is to say, the lowpi sure piston yields on the ins'trolreto edmit air to the space between the cylinders :ind ziet-s upon the outstrolre 'to compress oir in this space, Wl'iile the' high-pressure piston vi olds on the outstrole to admit air to the IBO , and are all so outer end of the high-pressure cylinder and operates on the instroke to compress the air in the outer end of the highpressure cylinder. The high-pressure stroke is always the in or down stroke when the pump is used in vertical position, and this arrangement is a decided advantage inasmuch as the operator can, with litt e effort, exert considerable pressure on the downstroke. It should also be noted that no packings or valves are subjected to the high pressure in the outer end of the high-pressure cylinder, except the cupped piston 29, and here the pressure simply serves to make a tighter joint, so that the pump will not leak and the paekings thereof will not Soon deteriorate. It should be further .noted that all pistons or packings are formed of flanged or cupped rings or disksl disposed that when it is necessary that they should form a tight joint the air under pressure in the di'tl'erent cylinders so acts on these iianged packings as to press the same into engagement witn the adjacent. v

surface, and thereby should also be noted that the space in the low-pressure cylinder above the piston therein is always in communication -with. the space in the high-pressure cylinder below its piston. On the downstroke the air is finally cornpressed, as described, in the high-pressure cylinder and at the same time the low-pressure piston yields to admit air'to the space between the cylinders and air is also drawn intp the high-pressure cylinder through the communicating ports or passages by the partial vacuum which is formed therein. It will thus be seen that at each stroke auf amount of air is compressed su'ilicient to fill prevent leakage. it`

oth the annular space between the cylinders 40 n the inner cylinder at atmospheric pressure. v

Having described my claim as new, Patent, 1. A compound pump comprising an outer, low-pressure cylinder having an internal invention, what I and desire to secure by Letters packing. at its end, a high-pressure cylinder working through said packing and having an external piston working in said outer cylinder, a piston carried by said outer cylinder and working'within said inner, high-pressure cylinder, said cylinders being in unobstructed communication at a point between said pistons, substantially as described. I

Q. A compound pump comprising an outer, low-pressure cylinder provided nal packing at its end and carrying a central rod having a piston thereon, an inner, highpressure cylinder working between said packing and said piston, said high-pressure cylinder having a piston working in said 'outer cylinder and. communicating at its. inner end l with an inter- I -let at its lower end and an internal packing at its upper end and carrying a central rod with a piston thereon, and an inner, high-pressure cylinder shiitable between said packing and said piston and carrying at its lower end a 'piston working in said outer cylinder and a packing engaging said rod, said inner, highpressure cylinder haring an unobstructed port in its side wall adjacent its lower end, and said pistons being one-way 'yielding and oppositely acting respectively to initially and finally compress air in the annular space between said cylinders and in the upper end 'of said inner cylimler, whereby thc initial compression takes place on the upper stroke and the iinal compression on thc downstroke, and said piston-rod having a discharge-outlet passage extending therethrough, substantially as described.

4. A compound pump comprising an outer, low-pressure cylinder having at its upper end a downturned flanged packing-ring and an upturncd hanged piston supported upon a central rod and pninner, high-pressure cylinder shifting be'twen said packing and said piston and carrying on its lower end an upturned, iianged'piston working in said outer cylinder and an upt'urned, flanged packingring engaging said rod, sai d inner, high-pressure cylinder having a port opening thereinto from the space between said cylinders, and said pistons and packing-rings being formed of yielding, 'flexible material, substantially as described.

5. A compound pump comprising a stationary, outer low-pressure cylinder, a reciprocating inner, high-pressure cylinder cuinrnunieating therewith and provided atlits lower end with a one-way yielding piston of flexible material working in said low-pressure cylinder, a rod carried bysaid outer, low-pressure cylinder and extending through the lower end of said high-pressure cylinder, and an upturned, one-way yielding material fixed to the upper end of said rod and working in. said high-pressure cylinder, whereby the air downstroke, substantially as described.

HOWARD WIXON Witnesses:

ALBERTA ADAMrcrc, LILLIA N PRnNTIcE.

piston of flexible is iinally compressed on the' roo 

